Find Median from Data Stream LeetCode Solution | Easy Approach

Find Median from Data Stream The median is the middle value in an ordered integer list. If the size of the list is even, there is no middle value and the median is the mean of the two middle values.

• For example, for arr = [2,3,4], the median is 3.
• For example, for arr = [2,3], the median is (2 + 3) / 2 = 2.5.

Implement the MedianFinder class:

• MedianFinder() initializes the MedianFinder object.
• void addNum(int num) adds the integer num from the data stream to the data structure.
• double findMedian() returns the median of all elements so far. Answers within 10-5 of the actual answer will be accepted.

Example 1:

Input
["MedianFinder", "addNum", "addNum", "findMedian", "addNum", "findMedian"]
[[], [1], [2], [], [3], []]
Output

[null, null, null, 1.5, null, 2.0]

Explanation MedianFinder medianFinder = new MedianFinder(); medianFinder.addNum(1); // arr = [1] medianFinder.addNum(2); // arr = [1, 2] medianFinder.findMedian(); // return 1.5 (i.e., (1 + 2) / 2) medianFinder.addNum(3); // arr[1, 2, 3] medianFinder.findMedian(); // return 2.0

Constraints:

• -105 <= num <= 105
• There will be at least one element in the data structure before calling findMedian.
• At most 5 * 104 calls will be made to addNum and findMedian.

Find Median from Data Stream Solutions

✅Time: O(n log n )
✅Space: O(n)

C++

 class MedianFinder {
 public:
  void addNum(int num) {
    if (maxHeap.empty() || num <= maxHeap.top())
      maxHeap.push(num);
    else
      minHeap.push(num);

    // balance two heaps s.t.
    // |maxHeap| >= |minHeap| and |maxHeap| - |minHeap| <= 1
    if (maxHeap.size() < minHeap.size())
      maxHeap.push(minHeap.top()), minHeap.pop();
    else if (maxHeap.size() - minHeap.size() > 1)
      minHeap.push(maxHeap.top()), maxHeap.pop();
  }

  double findMedian() {
    if (maxHeap.size() == minHeap.size())
      return (maxHeap.top() + minHeap.top()) / 2.0;
    return maxHeap.top();
  }

 private:
  priority_queue<int> maxHeap;
  priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<>> minHeap;
};

Java

 class MedianFinder {
  public void addNum(int num) {
    if (maxHeap.isEmpty() || num <= maxHeap.peek())
      maxHeap.offer(num);
    else
      minHeap.offer(num);

    // balance two heaps s.t.
    // |maxHeap| >= |minHeap| and |maxHeap| - |minHeap| <= 1
    if (maxHeap.size() < minHeap.size())
      maxHeap.offer(minHeap.poll());
    else if (maxHeap.size() - minHeap.size() > 1)
      minHeap.offer(maxHeap.poll());
  }

  public double findMedian() {
    if (maxHeap.size() == minHeap.size())
      return (double) (maxHeap.peek() + minHeap.peek()) / 2.0;
    return (double) maxHeap.peek();
  }

  private PriorityQueue<Integer> maxHeap = new PriorityQueue<>(Collections.reverseOrder());
  private PriorityQueue<Integer> minHeap = new PriorityQueue<>();
}

Python

 class MedianFinder:
  def __init__(self):
    self.maxHeap = []
    self.minHeap = []

  def addNum(self, num: int) -> None:
    if not self.maxHeap or num <= -self.maxHeap[0]:
      heapq.heappush(self.maxHeap, -num)
    else:
      heapq.heappush(self.minHeap, num)

    # balance two heaps s.t.
    # |maxHeap| >= |minHeap| and |maxHeap| - |minHeap| <= 1
    if len(self.maxHeap) < len(self.minHeap):
      heapq.heappush(self.maxHeap, -heapq.heappop(self.minHeap))
    elif len(self.maxHeap) - len(self.minHeap) > 1:
      heapq.heappush(self.minHeap, -heapq.heappop(self.maxHeap))

  def findMedian(self) -> float:
    if len(self.maxHeap) == len(self.minHeap):
      return (-self.maxHeap[0] + self.minHeap[0]) / 2.0
    return -self.maxHeap[0]

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